Vertical agriculture consists of growing food products in vertical structures in order to produce more in less space, to meet a need for proximity (short supply chains) in a context of densification of urban areas. It covers several soilless cultivation techniques, in a closed environment enabling to free oneself from meteorological constraints:

- Aeroponics, where the roots are in the open air and the nutrient solution is regularly sprayed on them

- Hydroponics, where the roots are immersed in the nutrient solution

- Aquaponics, where the roots are dipped in water enriched by the excrement of fish raised on the farm

This is not to replace traditional agriculture, which also has its strengths and weaknesses, but to complement it. In particular, in the case of the cosmetics sector, a more consistent supply of vertical farms would reduce the amount of land dedicated to the production of cosmetic products, thus allowing agricultural land to be freed up for food crops or ecosystems such as forests.